Tresemme Marketing Strategy free essay sample

At the very first time TRESemme was only intended to be distributed within salon for professional hairstylist. But, with the increasing demand from salon and expanded market scope, TRESemme realized their potential market and re-launch as the home haircare product that provided professional salon quality without the salon price. Unlike other affordable haircare product that sells their product in a mainstream way, like having brand ambassador and so forth, TRESemme choose to build partnership with prestigious event and competition to gain the brand awareness from all form of society. TRESemme believe that through making partnership with prestigious events and competition like Asia’s Next Top Model and Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week, customer will believe their quality without worrying the high price. After taken over by Unilever in 2011, TRESemme even gain more success. Their market scope is expanded to Asia and some other countries. They are now competing with various international products, like Pantene, Garnier and so forth. We will write a custom essay sample on Tresemme Marketing Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 2011, they are having the biggest market share for the shampoo. Realizing that they still have many weaknesses regarding the product range and somehow intimidating bottle size, TRESemme is still having their own spotlight. II. COMPANY BACKGROUND amp; OBJECTIVES TRESemme’s Profile This brand starts of on St. Louis, Missouri on 1974 to be distributed within salon. As time goes by, the product became more popular and realizing the truth that every woman deserves a beautiful hair with affordable price, TRESemme launched their product for public with affordable price. They commit to have a salon quality product that tested by professional stylist but still affordable for everyone. The name â€Å"TRESemme† itself is a wordplay that referred to Edna L. Emme as the spokeperson in haircare industry. Some people also said that â€Å"TRESemme† is a wordplay from â€Å"tres aime† which means â€Å"very liked† in French. In 2011, TRESemme is taken over by Unilever for $3. 7 Billion. After it has taken over, TRESemme expand their range of market to Asia and some other country surrounding. They believe that TRESemme can gain success. Unilever see potentiality in their product and could inline with Unilever’s mission to provide customer’s goods with affordable price. Though TRESemme build partnership with prestigious events and competition, they do not give their customer a high price. The partnership built to prove how qualified they are as a haircare product and to prove that customer can get salon quality hair without going there. The partnership has proven to increase their sales and brand awareness. People like TRESemme and they keep buying it due to its affordable price. TRESemme Mission Statement As a product with a professional stylist’s standard, TRESemme’s mission is to provide the best haircare product that can be afforded by anyone. They believe that everyone deserve the best product that fit their economical ability. Upholding their mission, there are 3 (three) missions that brought by TRESemme, Professional, Affordable, Salon Standard. In the first time of their launching, TRESemme’s tagline is â€Å"Used by Professional†. The tagline is intended to convince customer that TRESemme is not just an ordinary haircare product, but a professional product that can be used at home. It has proven that over 60 years of TRESemme’s existence, there are many professional hairstylist has used it in their salon and satisfied their customer Within their mission, TRESemme also included â€Å"affordable† as one of them. As they believe that every women deserve to have a salon inspired hairstyle, TRESemme also consider the economic ability of each countries and set the most suitable price that can be afforded by everyone and still competitive to compete with their competitor. With such quality and price, TRESemme can gain lots of customer and take over the market really soon. The last mission stated by TRESemme is salon standard. As we know that in 1974 TRESemme start their business as a haircare product for salon. The standard that they uphold of course not a usual standard to make people’s hair look more gorgeous, but to make people’s hair more beautiful and look expensive. Until now that they become a customer goods product, TRESemme still uphold the standard to make their product prestigious for everyone. From customer’s point of view, TRESemme is a success. They fulfilled their mission to provide a qualified haircare product that affordable for everyone. Some hair problem like frizz, hairfall and dandruff can also be treated well by the product. With their salon standard, TRESemme has successed to fulfilled customer’s expectation and gain a big success. III. MARKETING STRATEGY Market Environment According to the Foundation of Marketing book from Pearson, Marketing Environment is the actors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationship with target customers. In the marketing environment we should analyze and consider the Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT). Four key components considered in improving the marketing strategy for TRESemme include: PRODUCT TRESemme create a new product which is distinct line of mens haircare, this company also design medium-sized shampoo amp; conditioner bottles to meet the product mix of the competitors, they provide money-back guarantee if the consumer is not satisfied with the product including the Salon Standard tag line in addition to professional. Affordable Salon standard will replace the existing used by professionals and the last that TRESemme used is they allow for products to be purchased on the official TRESemme website salon standard PRICE For the price they maintain competitive prices for consumers (in Indonesia it’s only 16k for 220ml). This is in keeping with the affordable aspect of our brand. Another strategy is TRESemme promote online or instore discounts for consumers who view particular advertisements, and they also provide clearly list prices of products their website PLACE Maintain the availability of the product in salons, pharmacies, department stores amp; supermarkets around the world. TRESemme also provide consumers with a convenient online method of purchasing products to make the customer of TRESemme feel practise, simple, and easy to buy. PROMOTION To promote, the strategy that TRESemme use id first create television commercials that are made in Australia Engage in more frequent celebrity endorsement establish a name for the brand Build relationships with salons in Australia to promote the hair products Include a complementary pump for consumers who buy the large shampoo and conditioner bottles. In Asia they make the promotion by sponsoring the prestige event like Asia Top Model. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths 1. Professional Products at an affordable price, TREsemme offers high quality but lower in price 2. Used commonly by hair case professional 3. Products are available in large bottle providing value for money 4. Convenient to purchase 5. Large captive target audienceThreaths 1. Other competitors in the market creating more awareness through their advertising 2. Competitors with a greater product mix 3. Constant threat of new competitors 4. Advancement of scientific technology allowing competitors to promote their products as more efffective, or even environmentally friendly| Weaknesses 1. Limited range of products available for men 2. Size of bottles are commented to be intimidatingly large for individual use 3. Breadth and length of TRESemmes product line is not as expansive as other competitors in the market 4. Minimal advertisements online, in magazines, on television and other promotional outlets advertising the brandOpportunities 1. Opportunity to expand the product line and create a men range 2. Sell mid-range sized shampoo and conditioner bottles rather than only 1L and travel sizes 3. Create more awareness of the brand through more advertisements 4. Promote TRESemme through celebrity endorsements| Analyzing Competitors of TRESemme Tresemme is used around the world since 1947, but have recently been present in Indonesia in 2012. For two years establish, the growth of TRESemme has significant increase. It became evident through online research that TRESemme only ever releases television commercials from America. The celebrities and countless other women featured in the commercials are all American. Strategy of TREsemme suggested by Alberto Culver International would be to create television commercials in Indonesia. In anaylsing the Indonesian consumer market, it is evident that the brands who are competing with TRESemme are based in Australia. Subsequently, it would be effective to promote the brand alongside a relatable celebrity. Comparison| TRESemme| L’oreal| Dove| Pantene| Product| Shampoos amp; Conditioners (Gentle, Cleansing, Moisturizing, Naturals, Smoothing, Strength, Volumizing, Waterless, Curls, Color Protection, Deep Cleansing)Hairstyles (Cream amp; Milk, Curls, Hairspray, mousse)| Consumer (skin care, make-up, hair color, hair care), Professional, Luxury Product| Hair care (Shampoo, Conditionare, Treatment Conditionare, Styling Aids)Bar/Body washDeodorantLotion| ShampooConditionareDaily Rinse-off TreatmentLeave-on Treatment| Benefits| Give any tips how to make a beauty hair look like, problem solution of hair, new updated trend hair model, styling tips, forecast beautiful hair in any weather, help women step out with style (community of TREsemme)| make a trend about color id as a their main key, create media center of hair, innovating to reduce the environmental footprint, offer career, have many foundation (the community of L’oreal can join)| Provide article and advice, dove science, social mission, dove offers become a dove insider for their consumer| Providing personal consultaton, Give any tips how to make a beauty hair look and updated trend, offer satisfaction guarantee, have a social events for their consumer and around itself| Price| Start from Rp. 16. 000 for 220ml | Rp 30 000 for 220ml | Rp 24. 000 for 220ml| Rp. 24. 000 for 220ml| IV. CUSTOMER ANALYSIS Unilever customer spending chart Amsterdam Unilever, the worlds second-largest consumer goods company, posted third quarter results that beat analysts estimates, due to higher prices and higher sales in emerging markets, mainly in Brazil, the company reported on Thursday. Unilever, with its strong position in home and personal care, reported that its sales rose 10. 3% to â‚ ¬13. 4 billion in the quarter ended September, compared with the same period last year. As much as 4. 1% of it was created on foreign exchange transactions. The British-Dutch company also reported that its underlying sales grew 5. 9% in the third quarter, while it was up 12. % in emerging markets when compared with the same period a year ago. Revenue in emerging markets delivered another quarter of double-digit growth, taking year-to-date growth to 11. 7%, while developed markets declined in the quarter but are still up 0. 8% year-to-date. Regarding hair cosmetics, TREsemme did well in its traditional markets, made strong headway in Brazil, and has been launched in Indonesia and India. The company also reported that strong growth in laundry reflected volume growth ahead of its markets due to sustained innovation delivery and effective brand communication. Shares of Unilever rose 2. 91% to ? 23. 31 as of 8:41am GMT in London trading. Unilever gain in London is due to purchasing power the high, especially in the home and personal care products. This is due unilever always improve the quality of the product and sell them with a fairly competitive with the famous product. Such as Tresemme, this is hair care product is designed professional, but unilever could sell at affordable prices, so many people are interested in the lower middle class to upper middle class and the purchasing power of these product can be said to soar Indonesian market, because the average Indonesian people already believe that unilever has never issued low-quality product. The Tresemme product can thrive in the Indonesian market. TRESemmes marketing strategy is a success. These days, following the trend many urban female likes to experiencing with their hair styles and the desire of having a salon quality hair treatment product to be use at home every day is increasing. TRESemme is dedicated to creating salon-inspired, and allows the customers to create their own style and experience that salon feeling every day. One of the reasons TRESemmes marketing strategy is working is because of the customers value and money value from their product. They offer a complete line of salon products quality for the customer with an affordable price. Its priced between the entry level bargain brands, such as Unilevers Suave or Albertos own declining VO5, and premium brands Pantene and Fructis. The products that they offer such as shampoo, conditioners, hairspray gels, dry shampoos, mousses, and many more for every type of hair and style such as hair repair for damaged hair, shampoo for colored hair, climate control, etc. Not only providing products for hair treatment, they also have their expertise available online for customers that need help with hair style, and they are also giving tips and advice for instance star hairdressing tips, advice from their stylists, and recommendations. The brand awareness of their product is pretty success. In every advertisement and even in the products they use the line of used by professionals as their tagline or slogan. The professional hair stylish used TRESemmes products in famous fashion shows, photo shoots, and other entertainments shows or events such as Australia’s Next Top Model, Project Runway, and Mercedes Fashion Week in New York that pretty much is the center of fashion world and these deal has big role on the success of TRESemme. In Asia, recently TRESemme were choosen as the product to produce good quality hair for the contestants of fashion reality show, that is Asia’s Next Top Model 2012. Through these kind of shows and professionals using their products the people awareness of the brand is highly increase especially those of them who follow or always watching these kind of fashion reality shows. In Indonesia alone TRESemme just recently got in the country brought by Unilever and they got good responds and feedback from the people. In less than a year they swept other competitors such as Dove. Their products is available in more than 20 countries such as America, Brazil, Spain, Thailand, and Australia, and all give positive enthusiasm. TRESemme blew away the competition in organic sales growth last quarter at 12. 7%, backed by a 20% increase in ad spending. The brand received $56 million in measured media support lin 2010 and $32 million through May of 2011, according to Kantar Media. Mass hair care Brand| Sales| Pantene| $436 million| Garnier Fructis| $221 million| TRESemme| $211 million| Source: SymphonyIRI| TRESemme remained around $10 million behind Garnier in the 52 weeks ended July 11 and had less than half the sales of Pantene. But its been growing faster than either. TRESemme is already the clear leader in hair spray and styling products and was the only of the leading brands to gain share in all four major segments of mass hair care, also including shampoo and conditioner, in the past year in SymphonyIRI data. Market share movement (in percentage points)* 52 weeks ended July Hair spray| Styling| Shampoo| Conditioner| Pantene| -1. 0| -0. 7| +0. 2| +0. 1| Garnier Fructis| +1. 0| -0. 4| -0. 6| -0. 3| TRESemme| +1. 5| +0. 4| +0. 7| +0. 4| Four weeks ended July 11 | Hair spray| Styling| Shampoo| Conditioner| Pantene| -0. 2| +0. 7| +0. 1| +1. 6| Garnier Fructis| +1. 3| +0. 3| -0. 3| -0. 1| TRESemme| +0. 2| Flat| +1. 1| +0. 6| *For daily hair-care categories Shampoo category excludes dandruff shampoo Source: SymphonyIRI| Another story behind the success of TRESemme is because of strategic partnership. TRESemme formed a partnership with ELLE, the number one global fashion magazine. Through the partnership, ELLE and TRESemme, along with CAA Marketing, a division of the leading entertainment and sports agency, will launch Dirty Little Secret a print and digital graphic novel series, which follows the lives of savvy, stylish and single women living in NYC. Through this series people awareness of the brand, again, highly increased. Moreover, the story of the drama is about fashion world, follows new girl in town an aspiring hairstylist and her encounters with some of the most stylish and chic women in the fashion and beauty worlds. The compelling drama also features real life TRESemmes celebrity stylist, Jeanie Syfu. TRESemmes marketing strategy is a success. However, they have weaknesses. They do not have wide range of product line, that is not as expansive in the market as other competitors. The products that are available for men use is also limited. Many people are pleased with the giant size of TRESemme products bottle, but if it is for an individual use purpose the bottle can be intimidating. V. CONCLUSION In summary, Alberto Culver International Corporated has been highly successful in promoting the brand TRESemme. Subsequently its product line has maintained a strong position within the Australian and Indonesia consumer market. Implementation of minor marketing strategical changes suggested from our research will only further provide a successful outlook for professional affordable salon standard. Refrences List http://www. tresemme. com/ http://www. unilever. com/brands-in-action/detail/TRESemm-/292124/ http://www. telegraph. co. uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/8028641/Unilever-buys-TRESemme-maker-Alberto-Culver-for-3. 7bn. html http://adage. com/article/news/marketing-tiny-tresemme-rising-top-hair-care-heap/145573/pn. newsblaze. com/story/2010052515400200001. pnw/topstory. html http://www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/tresemme-and-elle-form-strategic-partnership-for-the-innovative-new-series-dirty-little-secret-95315739. html http://www. loreal. com/_en/_ww/index. aspx?

Project Development and Implementation for Strategic Managers

Project Development and Implementation for Strategic Managers Executive Summary Project management is pivotal to business growth and development. In project management, project selection using a relevant tool is critical. Therefore, project managers should put emphasis on the best tool to use when selecting a project.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Development and Implementation for Strategic Managers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is prudent to note that, project cycle should be followed appropriately to ensure the success of the project implemented in handled as stipulated. This paper takes a critical and succinct analysis of three projects and subsequent selection of one project for full implementation. Project 1 Productivity system analysis and management project Productivity system analysis and management project is an online human resource management tool that will be used to analyze and manage employees’ productivity in the company. Purpose and Scop e The purpose of this project is to install an efficient employee productivity analysis and management tool. The project will cover Golden Tools Ltd Company stores in Dubai. Project Executive Summary Productivity system analysis and management is an online human resource management tool used to analyze and manage employees’ productivity. This management tool comprises of software which takes a critical analysis of each employee performance and how to improve it. Project Objective Objective Targets To increase employee productivity in the company Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% To increase customer satisfaction in the company Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% To motivate employees for better performance Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% The project strives to ensure that productivity level is maintained high in the company so that the company continues to reap from the economies of scale associated with efficient and know ledgeable employee. Management Management is pivotal for the success of a project (Deegan 2009). This is because management streamlines the operation and goal of the company towards achieving the prescribed vision. It is prudent to note that, employees play a fundamental role in overall performance of a company.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Project Design Constraints Financial constrain features prominently in this project. Future Contingencies Future technological advancement poses a great challenge to the success of a project (Kotler and Keller 2009). This is because new technology will be required to maintain the desired success of the project. Points of Contact The points of points of contact will include the following Project Manager, System Proponent, User Organization, Quality Assurance (QA) Manager, Security Manager, and Configuration Manager. Project 2 Launch of a new product Project 2 is to launch a new washing detergent product in the market. The product is a house hold consumer product which will change washing forever. Purpose and Scope The purpose of this project is to plan for launching of a new product in the market. The project will cover Golden Tools Ltd Company stores in Dubai, (U.A.E.) before it is rolled to other places around the globe. Project Executive Summary A new washing product is necessary for household. This project will give consumer an opportunity to choose one the washing detergent. Project Objective Objective Targets To increase company profits Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% To increase customer satisfaction in the company Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% The project strives to ensure that the company sells high quality products for great customer satisfactionAdvertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Development and Implementation for Str ategic Managers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Project Design Constraints Financial constrain features prominently in this project. Future Contingencies Stiff competition in the market is the future contingencies. Points of Contact The points of points of contact will include the following Project Manager, System Proponent, User Organization, Quality Assurance (QA) Manager, Security Manager, and Configuration Manager. Project 3 Customer Feedback Software Installation Customer feedback software installation project is managerial software which will monitor customer purchasing trend, reaction and feedback. The information collected is needed for strategic planning. Purpose and Scope The purpose of this project is to install an efficient Customer feedback software installation and management tool. The project will cover Golden Tools Ltd Company stores in Dubai. Project Executive Summary Customer feedback is very important in plan as well prod uct development. In this regard, this project strives to enhance customer data collection for adequate planning. Project Objective Objective targets To increase enhance customer satisfaction Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% To enhance planning in the company Excellent 80%-100% Good 69%-79% Accepted50%-68% Project Design Constraints Customer feedback software installation requires technical knowledge which will ensure that some of the employees are taken for specialized training. Another constrain is timeAdvertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Future Contingencies Future technological innovation may render the current software obsolete. Therefore, continuous upgrade will be necessary. Points of Contact The points of points of contact will include the following Project Manager, System Proponent, User Organization, Quality Assurance (QA) Manager, Security Manager, and Configuration Manager. Project selection Project selection metrics Project 1 ID Project selection metric Supporting document Supporting document Weighted point Awarded points 1 Financial favourability The project measure of financial benefits Financial spreadsheet 15 10 2 Financial Cost The project innovative nature for enhance competition Business case 15 10 3 Organizational advantage Project ability to create new product which generate high profits to the company Visions document 15 12 4 Risk The level of risk the project has to the entire business Project charter 15 10 5 Internal efficiency The project ability to enhance internal operation Proj ect charter 15 10 Total 75 52 Project 2 ID Project selection metric Supporting document Supporting document Weighted point Awarded points 1 Financial favourability The project measure of financial benefits Financial spreadsheet 15 15 2 Financial Cost The project innovative nature for enhance competition Business case 15 14 3 Organizational advantage Project ability to create new product which generate high profits to the company Visions document 15 14 4 Risk The level of risk the project has to the entire business Project charter 15 11 5 Internal efficiency The project ability to enhance internal operation Project charter 15 15 Total 75 69 Project 3 ID Project selection metric Supporting document Supporting document Weighted point Awarded points 1 Financial favourability The project measure of financial benefits Financial spreadsheet 15 10 2 Financial Cost The project innovative nature for enhance competition Business case 15 10 3 Organizational advantage Project ability to create new product which generate high profits to the company Visions document 15 10 4 Risk The level of risk the project has to the entire business Project charter 15 10 5 Internal efficiency The project ability to enhance internal operation Project charter 15 10 Total 75 50 Based on the above project selection metric, project 2 is more viable that the rest since it has high aggregate points on selection metrics. Time Value of Money Time Value of Money play a major role in the analysis of the concept of capital budgeting. The theory of Time Value of Money states that â€Å"having a dollar today is worth having a dollar a tomorrow† (Drury 1996, p. 61). Time factor is significant in the analysis of current and future returns in a business world which surrounded with several risks. WACC The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is a critical element of capital budgeting. According to Drury (1996), â€Å"the Weighted Average Cost of C apital is a measure of how much a business needs to gain on its investments annually to maintain its current overall value†(71). Towards this, entities that offer loans or buy shares will expect a certain amount of return on their investment (Deegan 2009). Internal Rate of Return Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is a process used to find out the return percentage in a new business project that offers future cash flows. In the calculation of IRR, the application of annual projected payments and the initial investment is critical. Capital Budgeting Issues While carrying out capital budgeting, the calculation of the WACC should be done for the business and the calculation of IRR for the project to be undertaken (Reiss 2007). In a situation where the IRR is greater than the WACC, then it is a viable business project and should be pursued. It is prudent to note that, financial theory would recommend pursuing all projects that have an IRR in excess of WACC, but this should be done caut iously. In addition, increasing of a company debt or selling more shares normally alters WACC since the expected return on debt and equity rise. This depicts that some projects that were profitable due to a higher IRR will no longer be viable. Demski (1994) explains that, â€Å"firms should consider the WACC not only on the basis of current return rates, but also on more debt or owners shares† (23). A critical and succinct analysis of Wheel Industries case study reveals a number of financial situations which forms the basis of the recommendation made. Planning for product launch project Research will be carried out to determine the market segment through the use of questionnaires. Purpose This oral tool of data collection gives a deeper insight to the issue in question in certain ways, for example, by giving the participants a channel to voice their challenges and their various ways of dealing with them. Strategy for implementing the project The project will be implemented th rough proper planning and execution of tasks. The use of media and social network sites will be some of the calculated strategies for implementation. Fierce marketing strategies will be implemented prior to product launch to enhance awareness. Innovative TV adverts concerning the new product will be run on several leading TV channels in Dubai. In addition, marketing will also be done on social networks. Media publicity Golden Tools Ltd will invest resources in media publicity and technology as marketing strategy. Advertisements on the Audio visual medium are significant as it gives company an opportunity to flaunt its products. Social media Social networking sites as marketing tools provide a unique experience and feature that can only be taped by exploring the existing diversity. An innovative firm such as Toyota must tap in millions social network users globally. Kotler and Amstrong (2007) highlight that, â€Å"For resources to be in tune with the emerging opportunities there is need for dynamic marketing strategies† (38). Public Involvement Employees and public are quite important in implementation process. In this regard, they will form part of the implementation strategy. Intermediaries Globalization in the retail industry has yielded results due to the platform it has created in consolidation of the worldwide supply base. In the past, a number of international corporations either have shipped parts to their offshore affiliates or have relied on the local supply bases. Segmentation Market segmentation is critical as a paradigm shift in marketing strategy in global retail industry. In this regard, The Company will concentrate in area where it has a great competitive advantage while at the same time penetrating new markets. Target Table Class Social status Occupation Population size(million) % population A Upper Middle CEO, Business owners, Top Professional 5 5 B Middle Professional 30 30 C Lower Middle Clerical, Supervisors 35 35 D Skille d working Semi-skilled 20 20 E Working Casual, low grade 10 10 Project Costing Particulars Cost($000) Marketing 100 VIP product launch 50 Planning 5 Road show promotion 15 Labour 5 Total 175 Timescales for the implementation of the project Product Launch Promotion and selling Road shows TV marketing Online marketing Packaging Product design Planning 1 day 3 days 60days 1 day 10days 2 days 15 days 40 days Period Activity Preceded by Elapsed Planning 1 Product design A 3 Packaging B 60 Online Marketing 1 TV Marketing 10 Road shows CD 2 Product launch F 15 Promotions and selling EG 40 Critical Path Conclusion Project management is a critical process which requires serious planning and implementation of activities. Therefore, it is prudent to carry out a proper project selection using the best method. Similarly, tasks should be carried out on time to ensure that costs are incurred as budgeted. This is because when tasks are carried outside the stipulated time there are cost implications which are incurred. In this regard, the above implementation of the product launch project will strictly follow the time frame for successful implementation. Reference List Deegan, C 2009, Financial accounting theory, 3rd edn, London, McGraw-Hill. Demski, SJ 1994, Managerial uses of accounting information, New York, NY, Springer. Drury, C 1996, Management and Cost Accounting, 4th edn, New York, NY, McGraw Hill/Irwin. Guthrie, J Parker, L 1990, ‘Corporate social disclosure practice’: A comparative international analysis’, Advances in Public Interest Accounting, vol.3, pp. 162. Kotlar, P 2003, ‘Marketing insights from A to Z’, 80 concepts every manager needs to know. New York, NY, John Wiley and Sons. Kotler, P Keller, K 2009, A framework for marketing management. Philadelphia, Pearson International Edition. Ko tler, P Amstrong, P 2007. Principles of Marketing. New York, NY,John Wiley and Sons Reiss, G., 2007, Project management demystified. New York, NY,Routledge,

Property & Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Property & Law - Essay Example nstitutional arrangements by diminishing substantially the role played by the church (or religious institutions more broadly) in shaping human-to-human and human-to-nature interactions† (Norton & Bieri 4). As opposed to medieval scholars, the representatives of humanism studied not the God, but humans, their relations with other people, with the state and the society. Two main directions were developed in socio-political sciences. The first is theoretical justification of a necessity to replace feudal and class inequality with legal equality fixing the right for property ownership, personality protection from religious and feudal tyranny. The second was political ideology of the lower class, predecessor of working class, which was based on the ideas of Utopian socialism. The state submits to society, which in its turn submits to a personality. Only a part of the rights of a personality, which is defined by the attitude of a person to a property is transferred to e government: t he more property, the more political rights, but also the more obligations to the state, which is guarding this property. Failure to provide the abovementioned function makes the government illegal and provides the citizens with the right for opposition. The analysis of a problem of a personality, his/her valuable attitude towards the surrounding reality became the basic principle of scientific researches of this period. Renaissance was characterized by radical reorganization of socio-political and spiritual life. Political knowledge became an autonomous trend, political problems found comprehensive reflection in humanistic literature and caused shifts in the system of political and legal thinking. Integral rights of the personality, which can’t be transferred to the state, were also defined: the rights for life, freedom, equality, property ownership. By the right of property there are essential distinctions between the European and Anglo-American systems. The European system regulation

What key skills do employers want fresh university graduates to have Research Paper

What key skills do employers want fresh university graduates to have - Research Paper Example Now-a-days, the employers are trying to find effective and fresh university graduates to enhance their several business operations. It is important for the fresh graduates to avail effective knowledge and skills in their educational fields to achieve significant employment opportunity. However, the employers usually look for general behaviors and competencies that are important for the successful working. These aspects are often overlooked by the fresh university graduates but these are the basic things that the employers or recruitment officials want to find. Discussion The recruitment officers or the employers generally want ten important skills and competencies from the fresh university graduates. These are communication, commercial awareness, teamwork, problem solving, negotiation and persuasion, leadership, perseverance and motivation, organizations, confidence and ability to work under immense pressure. These ten aspects are discussed below in details. Communication Verbal comm unication and ability to listen are considered as important skills of an employee. Clear, focused and concise communication helps an employee to tailor his or her message for the target audience. On the other hand, listing to the views and suggestions of others can enhance and effective communication process. Clear and concise communication is required in an organization between the employers and employees to reduce the possibilities of conflict. Inadequate communication process can affect the business performance of the organization in several ways (Heneman, 22). Ultimately, it can affect the business performance of the organization. Looking into these mutterers, the employers try to hire fresh university graduates who avail good communication skill. Commercial Awareness Commercial awareness or business awareness is quite important of the fresh university graduates. The recruitment professionals always try to observe the knowledge and awareness level of the applicants during the re cruitment process. According to the employers, effective knowledge about an organization can help an employee to perform in significant way. Teamwork Effective teamwork within the workplace can drive an organization towards successful business performance. The fresh university graduates need to prove that they are effective team player. In addition to this, the fresh university graduates should have the ability to delegate and mange other team members within the workplace (Lipman & Hall, 2008). Effective team management is about developing positive and effective working relationship to achieve professional and personal goals. Problem Solving Problem solving and decision making method is quite important for business operation. Effective problem solving and decision ability of the employees can help an organization to achieve successful business outcome. In addition to this, effective problem solving ability of the employees can help an organization to resolve critical issues during s erious situations. Negotiation and Persuasion Effective negotiation and persuasion process of employees can help them to put forward in their desired ways. In addition to this, effective negotiation and persuasion process helps an employee to understand the background of several unknown individuals (Paper, 2007). This key understanding process and the effective negotiation ability of the employees can help the organization to meet business objectives within quick time period. Leadership It is true that each and every leading organization around the globe is trying to improve and maintain their workplace and

Culture and self-assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Culture and self-assessment - Essay Example They were also forced to settle but still managed to continue with their nomadic way of life with most of them living in Bulgaria and Romania. White christians excluded gypsies from their professions, and they resorted to fortune telling, iron making and trading animals. They also manufactured cheap household goods and sold them. The gypsies value family and both the man and the woman help each other. The man is the head and the woman is the heart of the family. Upbringing of children is a responsibility of all members of the community.The extended family is highly valued, and the family has a power structure and the oldest man in the family has most powers or has authority over the other members. Bringing and handling money was the responsibility of the woman. A romani has three names which are given at birth, after baptism and after second baptism in a Christian church. The first name given at birth and only known to the mother is meant to confuse the evil spirits. The second name given after getting baptized is used within the tribe and the third name is often used when dealing with non-Romas. The gypsy culture is diverse but believes that birth and death are unique and this custom is passed on through the generations. The gypsies live in groups of extended families and travel together providing each other with mutual support and companionship. The extended family is the basis for which work is divided, resources are shared and food is prepared and shared Children are often married off when they are teens, they consider them adults. The gypsies celebrate the birth of newborns and often invest in marriages that are done traditionally. They have high standards of hygiene and consider dogs and cats impure because they lick themselves. Several extended families combined form a nation through and share a traditional origin practising similar

Ethics Of Sex Appeal In Advertising Media Essay

Ethics Of Sex Appeal In Advertising Media Essay This treatise puts forward the reality that advertisements with sexual undertones are remembered over and over again than advertisements that are not. The question to ask though is, how ethical is it to make use of sexual appeals in advertisements? And does sex really sells? Social comparison theory as instigated in 1954 by Festinger is used as the theoretical scaffold in this study as this premise states that individuals who have a longing to appraise their views, judgments and abilities can be satisfied by social comparisons with other people. At the end of this write-up, it attempts to recommend to media and advertising practitioners, that they need to apprise the audience who will be viewing their ads before putting sexual innuendos into their respective advertisement pieces; that they need to recognize the moral intricacy of sexual appeal in advertising and integrate that understanding in their strategic thought and when designing their commercial pieces. Quoting Henthorne and L aTour, (1994) as saying that, as the ethical considerations of society change over time, what is considered appropriate and acceptable in advertising must also change (p.88). Therefore, this study shares the idea of how imperative it is to incessantly reassess what society would consider suitable and consider the full level of consequences of their actions before advertising practitioners start considering what they make out as ethically acceptable. Introduction Every media consumer is alert to sex in advertising. Its pervasive use and misuse are constantly before us, and typically elicit strong criticism (Richmond and Hartland, 1982, p.53). As anyone can see, the employment of sex in advertising has been in our midst for several decades and the reason for it? It works. Advertisements with sexual undertones are remembered over and over again than advertisements that are not. The question to ask though is, how ethical is it to make use of sexual appeals in advertisements? Does sex sell? Actually, sex does not sell, but sexiness does (Cebrzynski, 2000, p. 14). By means of sex appeals in advertising is a good way to aim at specific market segments but not all. Questions like what is identified as sexual appeals in advertising? Where and when should sex be used? Does the use of sexual appeals lead to an advantage for brand remembrance? must be addressed exhaustively. Sex and the Media Today, sex permeates advertising in the United States and in many countries all over the world as contemporary society is extremely fixated with the demonstration of sex in the media as never before. The issue of whether sex sells could be countered by screening the massive quantities of billboards and classified ads which integrate some form of sex appeal or nudity (Pynor, 2004, p. 42). Several reasons have been provided with the use of sexually oriented themes, among them are to achieve product and brand attention, recognition, recall, and sales (Alexander and Judd, 1978, p. 47). Observably, sex is utilized to sell a wide array of products from cars to fashion products, and is meant to attract not only the male customers, but female, consumers as well. The employment of sex as an instrument in advertising can be traced back to the 1800s when the advertising industry noticed the beneficial effect of using degrees of sexuality in their advertising drives. These economic gains include above all else an increase in revenue due to the point of difference that sexual schemes provide for the product. Sometimes, the use of sex also affords shock-value that frequently triggers social debate and helps in the product promotions continuing recall. Author of The Erotic History of Advertising Tom Reichert has this to say Many real-life examples from the 1800s to the present exist to suggest that it has worked, and does work, to inflame not only consumers libidos but their motivations and desires to make purchases. In some cases, sex in advertising contributes to the building of strong, vibrant and long-lasting brands (Reichert, 2003, p. 9). As it is, the incessant use of sex in advertising from the 1800s until these days is a demonstration of the fact that it is an effective tool that works for advertisers. Literature Review Sex Appeal in Advertising Advertising is one of the most prolific and all-encompassing forms of communication in the world (Reichert, 2003, p.20). This type of company to customer communication lifts several concerns about the ethics of advertising because its practice is very convincing and powerful (Treise and Weigold, 1994). Advertising has turned to become an excellent way for business firms to create a positive image for them and for the public to easily adapt to such image. Image creation is a public relations approach that has increasingly aimed young adults and teens because they are not interested on conventional direct advertising (Goodman and Dretzin, 1999), obviously, advertisers target the demographic group of young adults and teens because they account for a huge amount of American consumer spending. The practice of utilizing sex appeal in advertising is nothing new. Sexual images (nudity) can be found in advertisements as far back as the late 1800s and in the early 1900s, it was used to sell soaps, perfumes and creams. These advertisements claimed to transform any woman to become sexier for a mans pleasure and as sex advertising boomed in the 40s and 50s, controversy abound. Until today, a lot of business enterprises find sex appeal as an effective tactic in advertising. When Maidenform bras began to use models with their shirts off, it became the number one bra company and when Jovan fragrance used sexuality to sell its product, company revenues soared from $1.5 million to $77 million in just seven years (Reichert, 2003). In a 1981 study conducted by Reid and Soley, advertisements were more likely to be appealing and immediately recognized if an attractive endorse is used (Severn and Belch, 1990). In another survey, 32% of consumers confessed that there is strong likelihood of them buying a product if it uses an advertisement with strong sexual undertones (Fetto, 2001). Capitalizing on the idea of sex appeal, people sell their products with the notion that such product is for sexy people and to own that specific product can make any person sexy. Such sexiness can be depicted through the clothes being worn, the models poses, the lighting being used in the advertisement, positioning of the models or in their facial expressions, location used, and interaction. Likewise, companies employ this idea to connect the company image with allure and prestige. As it is, sexuality associates brands with sexual activities and increased attractiveness, something desired by consumers (Reichert, 2001/2003). Although the argument that wanton sexual appeals generate off-putting results because of perceptions of disreputable and scheming practices is basic and extremely valid, it also assumes a deliberative, cognitive mechanism. Past research investigations have found that the process of judging whether a persuasive message infringes ethical standards or not demands cognitive effort (Campbell and Kirmani, 2000). Yet end users characteristically spend little time and effort when viewing an ad (Sengupta and Gorn, 2002; Burnett and Moriarty 1998; Kassarjian, 1977). Hence, it is imperative to understand reactions to improper sex appeals under thin slice processing (Ambady, Bernieri, and Richeson, 2000), such as when consumers view ads under constricted cognitive capacity. Without a doubt, unstructured, spur-of-the-moment, uncontrolled responses may be quite different from more cautiously considered responses in the sphere of sex-based advertising. Recent research by Sengupta and Dahl (2008) examined non-deliberative reactions to the gratuitous use of sex in advertising. Men and women in these experiments were placed under high cognitive load while viewing an ad that showed an unequivocal sexual image and a nonsexual image. Unlike previous research that has found that both men and women abhor the gratuitous use of sex in advertising, a gender difference surfaced under constrained conditions, that is, men preferred more the advertisement containing a sexual image (compared to the nonsexual image) whereas women reported considerably adverse mind-sets toward the overtly sexual ad compared to the nonsexual advertisement. Basically, sexual imagery sets off an emotional response or reaction. In other words, viewers are, all things being equal, favorably energized by sexual information (Reichert, 2007, p. 6). With this in mind, advertising organizations employ sex in several different ways to try and convince and influence end users to purchase a product. Individuals seek out and are willing to pay for sexual content in mainstream media (Reichert, 2007, p. 7), an example of this reality is the sale in millions of copies of Cosmopolitan and Maxim each month. These magazines ads have become more competitive and risquà © due to the idea that an ad needs to be noticeable and must draw attention. Some advertisers may push the boundaries of acceptable sexual content because of direct competitive pressure. Certain product marketers utilize a higher proportion of sexual appeals than other marketers because of the nature of the product and the relevance of sex to product benefits (Reichert and Carpenter, 2004). Another approach being used to draw customer attention is the idea that upon purchasing a product, such will make the buyer more sexually attractive, or can have more sex or can have a better sex life (Reichert, 2007), thus, people who are seeking for such qualities are more likely to pay for a product if the ads are sexually evocative. Gender Expression, Sexuality and Advertising This rather outmoded depiction of gender and expression of sexuality continues to be exploited in modern-day advertisements principally because it is an unbeaten prescription that brings in financial incentive and this will continue as long as women believe even if only for a brief moment that acquiring the advertised product will bring them one step closer to attaining the unattainable. As what was pointed out: those who are dissatisfied with their looks, their bodies, their status, make great consumers (Lee, 2003, p. 134). Furthermore, Nancy Etcoff (2000) sums it up well: to tell people not to take pleasure in beauty is like telling them to stop enjoying food or sex or novelty or love. This is an impracticable likelihood because to like and to want is instinctive in human character. Advertisers are intensely conscious of this as they create advertisements filled with representations of dazzling, extremely sensuous women. Women as Primary Focus? For many decades, numerous people believed that women are the major focus of sex appeals employed in advertising, however, this is not necessarily correct. It is true that women look as if they are the target most recognized in sexual appeals, but men have been targeted more recently. If women have often been the targets of sexual advertising, it is because it appears to work in many cases. As it is, sex is a potent and a convenient method of obtaining male attention and making a product desirable and in advertising, it is easy to get a mans attention by using womens bodies and associate it to the idea of getting the women as well if he buys the product (Taflinger, 1996, p.8). The most well known target of women as sexual appeals has been in beer commercials. Usually the ads go something like this a beautiful woman is sitting at a bar and a man comes up and she does not notice him at all. Then he orders a certain kind of beer and all of the sudden, he is desirable to this woman. They then get caught up in the moment and ultimately the man gets this woman (because of the beer). Another example of the man getting the hot woman because of a particular product that supposedly makes the man more desirable to the women is the AXE advertisement. AXE is a body spray for men. In the commercial, the men who use AXE get beautiful women. In fact, AXE is so effective that if in any way you come in contact with this body spray, you will be instantly wanted. There is also a commercial which features an old man getting a young, hot woman because of the AXE effect. Women are exploited repeatedly in advertising as sex appeals. But, some do not become conscious that these advertisements are often aimed at women as well. Victorias Secret is a classic example of this. Advertisers obviously want women to think that if they purchase Victorias Secret products, they could look like those stunning, sexy endorsers on the commercials seen on television or in the print ads. Obviously, these bra and panties are not going to look very good on just anyone, however, at first glance, a woman could think, wow, she looks splendid; I should get that outfit so I can look that good too. In truth, women are not the only focus in sexual appeal advertising. Men play a huge part as well. According to Taflinger (1996), It is rare for advertising to use sex as an appeal for women. Women are often less interested in the sex act itself for its own sake. They are interested in sex for what it can mean in the future. They may enjoy it as much as men, but for them it has far greater significance. Advertising cannot take advantage of a womans instinctive sexual desire because advertisings job is not to build for the future-it is to sell a product now (p. 6). Here, Taflinger attempts to elucidate the fact that women are not interested in sexual appeals on television, rather, they are interested in sex for their future. Although this seems to be correct in some instances, it is questionable when thinking about all of the ads that target men as the sex selling object. Sex Appeal and Product Branding Sex in advertising can also produce positive mind-sets and sentiments about the ad or product brand. Using catchphrases are huge in the industry along with sexual overtones. A popular example is Las Vegass tagline what happens here, stays here (Reichert, 2007). This is very indicative and interesting; people want to go to Vegas so they can find out for themselves what its all about. Sex in advertising is controversial and it is vital to reflect on consumers outlooks and points of view. While many feel there is too much sex in advertising (Treise and Weigold, 1994), most people feel that if sexual commercials are crafted with relevance and aptness, these are more likely to be accepted (Gould, 1994; Treise and Weigold, 1994). Innately, concerns and apprehensions crop up when sex appeal usage are viewed by unintended (Gould, 1994). Similar disquiet appears when advertisers target teens and young adults with these advertisements. There are concerns that these advertisements are venerated by young people and teach these young adults improper conduct (Reichert, 2001). Negative facets of this target audience advertising consist of women idolizing the sexual models being used to endorse a product and compare themselves to the advertisements (Gould, 1994). In a survey, 55.2% of respondents agreed sexual advertisements influence a teens decision to be sexually active (Tre ise and Weigold, 1994). However, the idea in advertising is give and take; the media learns from teens and teens learn from the media (Goodman and Dretzin, 1999). One cannot exclusively say who manipulates whom, so much so that even though end users anxieties arise, sex continues to be used as an powerful advertising approach. Reichert and Carpenter found that the level of sexual advertisements has remained constant from 1993 and 2003; the only thing that had increased was the females level of dressing as it has become more provocative and sometimes offensive (2004, p. 828). It is fascinating to note that some research investigations found the degree of sexuality actually increased over time. Reichert and Carpenter (2004) conducted an extension of a study that evaluated the degree of sex in 1983 and 1993. Magazine advertisements particularly were content analyzed from 2003 and compared with the issues of the previous years. The general outcomes signified that women not only persisted to be represented in a sexual manner, but that the degree of sexuality increased over time. For instance, advertising became extensively more overt from 1983 to 2003 and clothing (or lack of it as the case may be) largely contributed to this. Results revealed that in 1983 only 28% of female models wore sexually explicit clothes. This rose by 75% in 2003 when 49% of models were dressed in sexual attire. Thus, in 2003 virtually half of the models featured were shown with less rather than more clothing to be exact, in 2003 almost 4 out of 5 women who appeared in ads were sugge stively dressed, partially clad, or nude (Reichert and Carpenter, 2004)). Moreover, the images of women that were most sexually explicit were featured in mens magazines. As Linder (2004) found, general interest magazines, such as Time contained the least degree of sexualized images, when compared with magazines aimed predominantly at men and women. The increase of sexuality over time could be associated with the likeness of products that are available today. It is presumed that in 1983 there was not such an immense collection of products available on the market, and therefore did not need to be distinguished from each other to such a great degree. Furthermore, in those years, advertisers were rendered inadequate by the capability of computer graphic technologies. This is definitely not the case today and advertisers frequently resort to stimulating images to make a distinction between similar products. Particularly, according to Reichert and Carpenter, specific merchandise are promoted in a more sexual manner due to the character of the product, such as fragrance and clothing (although clothing is also often used as a means to sexualize other products). Theoretical Framework People are continuously evaluating themselves with others and this is certainly no exception when addressing advertising, particularly among women. According to Stapel and Blanton (2004), an important source of self-knowledge comes from other people. Human beings maintain a sense of who they are by contrasting their own capabilities and characteristics to other people. This so-called social comparison theory was instigated in 1954 by Festinger, who hypothesized that individuals have a longing to appraise their views, judgments and abilities that can be satisfied by social comparisons with other people. Using this premise as a scaffold, many studies have been carried out, predominantly in reference to females which raise the question does advertising take advantage of consumer tendencies to alter their body or image of themselves by creating anxieties and discontent with the self? Relative to its effect on adolescent girls which Martin and Gentry (1997) studied, the answer is yes, advertisers especially of young fashion magazines do exploit this mindset among adolescent girls, who evaluate their physical beauty with that of models in the advertisements. Martin and Gentrys study has proven that, consistent with the social comparison theory, female pre-adolescents and adolescents self-perceptions and self-esteem can be destructively impinged on when self-evaluation takes place. Other studies have suggested that advertising can have a vital role in creating and highlighting a fixation with physical charm (Downs and Harrison, 1985), and may manipulate consumers awareness of what is an adequate level of physical attractiveness (Martin and Kennedy, 1993). This conception of advertisers taking advantage of consumers perception of themselves is unswervingly associated with sex appeal in advertising. Recently, advertisers have endeavored into a contentious area with their use of female sexual images and a focus on distinct body parts, language and sex-role portrayals. These advertisers are profoundly conscious that sex appeal in an advertisement has the capacity to exert a pull on women on the premise of social comparison. In a study conducted by Craik, Clarke, and Kirkup (1998), women who were sensitive of stereotypes and were even aware of the spuriousness of the industry still desperately want to imitate these images. Such is the explanation why advertisers reportedly pay huge amounts of money every year to have their products endorsed by alluring and well-admired women, since their beauty or personality is assumed to add dazzle to the products they promote (Langmeyer and Shank, 1994). Recommendations For media and advertising practitioners, it is important to apprise the audience who will be viewing the ads before putting sexual innuendos into the advertisement piece. Advertisers need to recognize the moral intricacy of sexual appeal in advertising and integrate that understanding in their strategic thought and when designing their commercial pieces. As what Henthorne and LaTour, (1994) stated, as the ethical considerations of society change over time, what is considered appropriate and acceptable in advertising must also change (p.88). Hence, it is imperative to incessantly reassess what society would consider suitable and consider the full level of consequences of their actions before considering for what they make out as ethically acceptable.

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CASE STUDY 1. What are the Inputs, processing and outputs of UPS’s package tracking system? Answer: INPUT: UPS’s package tracking system input is associated with a package that is scan able bar -coded label. The sender scan able label, package destination, the recipient, and the package should arrive Includes detailed information. Users downloaded by UPS or UPS website to access provided by using special software can print their own labels. PROCESSING: Package is raised before, scan able bar -coded label data Mahwah, New Jersey, or Alpharetta, Georgia, one of the centers in the UPS has transferred to the computer and sent to its final destination the closest distribution center goes. Label in the center dispatchers and traffic data downloaded every driver to know that the most efficient delivery route using special software to create, season, and location of each stop. A delivery information acquisition device (DIAD), a handheld computer, the way his or her day Free UPS enables drivers. DIAD also automatically sign users grab information as well as pickup and delivery. Package tracking information from UPS for the storage and processing is transferred to the computer network. At various points along the way from sender to receiver, bar code equipment package label and the progress of the package of Central computer data feed is used to scan shipping information. OUTPUT: UPS computer network information about users to provide delivery information or to answer customer questions can be accessed worldwide. Customer service representatives connected to the central computer, desktop computer, check the status of any package to customer inquiries and are able to respond quickly. UPS, users have their own computers or wireless devices... ...ollection options include receiving payments or can be very helpful and billing options as a business which can reduce the cost of shipping plus any third- party receiver and Shipper billed to other parties (receiver or any other person). Shipper -receiver only shipping costs or any other country in which a third party pays the duties and taxes paid to Shipper pays the duties and taxes are the options for international billing options can reduce the cost of business just for the shipping costs . Transactions with other businesses worldwide to make business easier and to get a business that can target market. Shipping cost analyzes and cost of such reports , management reports and reports as Freight generates reports , the download is available for download business analysis tool is also . This tool for accountants in business a long time and can save a lot of effort

Joe, a Filipino Rockssical: Play Review Essay

We were assigned to watch a stage play entitled Joe, a Filipino Rockssical last July 22, 2012 at St. Scholastica’s College, Manila. Actually, I have no interest in watching stage plays but after witnessing the presentation, my point of view changed. The play was about our national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal, but who is Rizal? For me, Rizal in this modern period is an instrument for us to love our country more despite of the dilemmas or struggles experiencing by it. Even our country had some flaws or imperfections, even the views and beliefs of others to our country were unlovely, we should still be proud and fight for it like what Rizal who’s brave as a lion did. He was also an inspiration to all youths because of his distinct attributes and his perseverance when it comes to studies. The stage play, Joe, a Filipino Rockssical is a kind of presentation wherein it was accompanied by songs and dances which is for me, an effective strategy because it can avoid boredom among the viewers. It has three chapters and used Filipino language for us to understand the play. It also used a little English and Espaà ±ol. This play was not a drama at all, it was also blended with comedy that can crack someone up and will make your jaws fall from laughter. But the most important thing is that it has a moral lesson that the viewers will realize after watching. The stage play was started through a lively song and dance. Six students of Rizal Integrated School were assigned to research and perform a stage play about our national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal, for the celebration of the 50th Foundation Day of the school. Joecas that symbolizes a man who values his craft more than anyone or anything else, is the writer and director, Joanne that symbolizes the character of having a principle and always with the truth, is the researcher, Hunter that symbolizes a character of having a principle and belief but can sacrifice it for the love of his life, is the composer of music, Bimbo that symbolizes a character that is persistent and diligent in reaching his dreams, is the choreographer, Ambo that symbolizes the character that is gleeful despite of his struggles especially when it comes to love, is the set designer, and Julia that symbolizes a character that has determination in reaching her dreams, is the fashion designer. They finished the play successfu lly although they have a little background or idea about the national hero. Ten years after, Joecas became a prominent writer. He was commissioned by the government to make and direct a stage play about the life of Rizal to be presented as a tribute for his 150th Anniversary of being a hero. Joecas together with his wife Joanne searched for his friends way back in high school to help him in the making of a stage play entitled Joe, the name that Josephine used to call Jose Rizal. Joanne became a successful researcher, Hunter became a rebel who climbed up in the mountains of Banawe, Bimbo became a DJ, Julia became a famous fashion designer, and Ambo owned a parlor. They have decided to stay at the condo of Joecas while finishing the play. During the researching and writing of the play, they learned many things about Rizal’s life. All the significant parts of the history about his live were presented. Some of these were about his love life including Josephine Bracken and Leonora, the writing of the novels that woke the consciousness of the Filipinos, the studying of Rizal abroad and here in Philippines, the exile of Rizal to Dapitan, the retraction of his ideologies to embrace again the Catholicism and to marry Josephine, and the shooting of him at Bagumbayan. The six main characters in the play also faced the different issues in their lives which are similar and compared to the life of Rizal. These consisted of the love of Joecas for Joanne and not sacrificing his love for art which is his true love, the love of Hunter for Joanne and the sacrifice of his ideologies, facing the true sexual preference of Ambo, consciousness of Bimbo about the problems of society, and Julia’s will of studying again. The conflict which is about the retraction was ended through a song and dance wherein the viewers were given the chance to decide whether Rizal signed the retraction or not. At the same time, they presented that even though Rizal signed it or not, what is important is that he had a stand about the ideologies and principles he’s fighting for and he kicked the bucket for the country. After all what happened, years passed, Joecas was given an award and honor for the stage play entitled Joe and he met his friends again during the event. The stage play was ended through a beautiful and magnificent music. In this play, many social illnesses are mentioned and shown and some of these are still occurring nowadays. In the dialogue stated by Ambo, â€Å"Palibhasa kabit ang nanay mo!†, is one of the social illnesses. It symbolizes a character of being a gossiper or spreading a speculation about a certain thing or person. It can cause a dispute or quarrel between the involved people. It can also cause disharmony or disunity. â€Å"I’m so fed up with the so called professionals, sobra na nga maningil wala pang work ethics. At sa sobrang dami ng raket, hindi marunong magcommit†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This was said by Joecas. It is one of the social illneses nowadays. Many people have too much confidence or belief in them, the belief that they are superb in terms of doing their work. Not only that, they are also asking for too much payment that is not appropriate, that’s why Philippines is not progressing. â€Å"Isipin na ang mabuting ina ay iba sa inang linalang ng prayle. Dapat palakihin ang anak na malapit baga sa larawan ng tunay na Diyos. Diyos na di nasusuhulan, Diyos na di masakim sa salapi, Diyos na ama ng lahat, na walang kinikilingan, Diyos na hindi tumataba sa dugo ng mahihirap, na hindi nagsasaya sa daing ng naruruhagi at nangbubulag ng matalinong isip.† These are the words mentioned at the back or the window of condo while Hunter and Joanne were fighting. The characteristics of God mentioned was contradictory to our government wherein it can be defined as another social illness. The scene where Ambo said that, â€Å"Hindi naman nasusukat sa sexual preference ang pagkatao at karakter. What is important is the heart and soul.† Judging a person is also one of the social illnesses acted in the play. The reason why most of the people do not believe in their talent is because they were primed by their anxiousness or shyness. The ability of a person is not measured by either physical appearance or sexual preference. In the scene where George Tauffer raped Josephine Bracken can be included as one of the social illnesses nowadays. Rape and other crimes are very rampant during these days. Sometimes, even their own fathers or stepfathers were the ones involved in this kind of situation. There are many barbarians in our country nowadays due to the lack of education or else because of drug addiction. The social illness like spreading information that is not proven or seen is very widespread nowadays. One example of this is occurring in the world of showbiz or show business. Many rumors are spreading in this industry that’s why it’s complicated. Those professionals that were taking too much charges or fees are also rampant nowadays that’s why the rich becomes richer and the poor becomes poorer. Similar to our government officials who live high on the hog, they were corrupting the taxes and other cash received from citizens for their personal use instead of giving it back in the form of basic services like education, health cares, and others. Criminals were also very rampant now and then but because police authorities like the friars before accept bribes, those culprits were not afraid to do crimes. These are some social illnesses mentioned in the play and at the same time I witnessed while watching. This stage play is not presented just to entertain but also to educate the audience. For me, having a stand in everything we do and say is the moral lesson that I have realized after watching. If we said and did something, continue it until the end as long as we know that we’re on the side of truth, although it can hurt those people that we loved the most. Another lesson derived from this play is the true love for the country. If our heroes can defend our country from opportunists and at the same time proud of it, we, the citizens of the Philippines, that have the capability to change the undesirable system of our government, can also do what they have done. It is the time for us to move and act especially the young generation that according to Dr. Jose Rizal is the hope of the nation.

Free sample - Reflection Paper. translation missing

Reflection Paper. Reflection PaperIntroduction Hinduism and Christianity are religions that have existed in the world for a very long time now. Each of the religions have many followers depending on the area of presence Hinduism is a religion that is commonly known as Sanatana Dharma meaning eternal religion and Varnasramadharma which emphasizes the fulfillment of duties and responsibilities that are prescribed by both the class and the stage that one is in. It is the perennial faith for the Hindus. It is one of the oldest among the religions that are practiced in the world and still is today amidst the dharma faith. This paper discusses the distinctive aspects, similarities and differences of the two religions. Discussion Hinduism is characterized and comprised of a diverse array of beliefs, scriptures and practice system. It originated from the ancient Vedic culture back in 2000 BC. It is estimated to be the third world largest religion in the world having about 940 million people. 96 percent of these people reside in Indian subcontinent. If the yoga followers are included the religion carries about 1.05 billion people in the whole world (Dogra and Dogra, 2003). It has neither traceable founder nor a date when it originated. The authors and the dates of the sacred texts of the Hinduism religion are unknown. Hinduism is not a homogenous organized religion. Most of its followers are committed followers of Shiva whom they look at as the only true God. Others refer in ward to the divine self that is called atman. Most of its followers identify the existence of Brahman as the unifying factor and the reality responsible for all that lives.   Hinduism religion is thought to have its name originating from the Persian word Hindu which means river. It was used by outsiders to refer to people of the Indus river valley. Hindu practice distinguishes itself from other religions by encouraging its followers to be tolerant to other people with different beliefs. This is because the religion posits that temporal systems cannot assert solitary understanding of one transcendental truth (Hawley and Narayanan, 2006). The followers respect the Brahmans and the Vedas while some others consider only one of the two authorities. The religious life of its followers is devoted to God or gods, meditation and duties of the family life. The first sacred writings of Hinduism were mostly about the ritual sacrifices to numerous gods who acted as representatives of the forces of nature. After the development of the Vedanta philosophy, new belief and custom systems came up from Hinduism forming Buddhism and Jainism. The Hinduism tolerance to diversity in belief made it acceptable to many persons in the west as an alternative to most the religion in the west. Although Hinduism got a relatively few converts from the west, its thought and practice influenced the west indirectly as seen in the development of new religions such as the hare Krishna and new age. Indian beliefs and practices such as the chakra and the yoga system were incorporated in books that covered health and spiritual issues. The Hindu followers worship in the temple. Christianity has been defined as a monotheistic set of values and practices that are primarily based on the Old Testament and the wisdom of Jesus Christ as brought out in the New Testament.The Christian religion is monotheistic in nature. It has its belief in one God who created the entire earth and all that is in it.   Different groups of people that support Christianity place different weight on the three issues but they all put their beliefs in them. The Christian religion is divided into two groups; the Catholics and the Protestants. Christians believe in the holy trinity that is comprised of God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. The followers of the Christian faith believe that the three are contained in one God almighty. Followers of the Christian religion worship in the church. Christians consider that man was created in the likeness of God. Those human beings are both physical and spiritual beings who are rational, are able to establish relationships with one another and are capable of making wise decisions (Bainton, 2000). Christianity bases its belief on Jesus Christ. That he is the son of God who was sent to the world to come and save the human kind from sin and their inequities to the righteousness and love of God. That he descended died, resurrected and ascended in to heaven where God is. It emphasizes on the free conscience of a free person in a free community. Christianity is not just bout morality. It is about repentance and the relationship with Jesus Christ as man`s savior. The three most significant features of Christianity encompass the axial role of human freedom of serving their God. People are allowed to make willingly their choices about servitude. Secondly, that man should devout things that belong to God to Him. This is clearly shown in Ceaser`s story in the bible.   That all things that belong to God Should be given unto Him. Thirdly, the recognition that man often does what he is not supposed to do and do not do the things that he is supposed to do. This is manifested as sins that are supposed to be repented for so that God may have mercy and forgive the sinners. What should be clear is the unity of humanity as reality and persistence of differences without which permanent and deep unity and affection could not be there. Hinduism and Christianity share some form of similarity. The goals that are brought out from the two religions are alike. This touches more on issues of after life, heaven, and the goodness that people should display. Both the two religions encourage people to do good while on earth so that after their death they may go to heaven. It however they engage in bad deeds they will go to hell where there is suffering.   The believers of the two religions are supposed to be perfect on their spiritual lives. This is seen in Hinduism Moksha and Christianity`s heaven.   Christianity teaches about the teachings of Jesus Christ regarding the goodness as a means of measuring right and wrong. This is the same with Hinduism teachings on karma. The two religions both teach about soul and sin cleansing with emphasis on water. Christianity has its belief in the holy trinity that is encompass of God the father, God the son and God the Holy Spirit. Hinduism has a similar belief in the role and responsibility of its many gods.   Hinduism has three primary gods that some Hindus believe work as one in Brahman. Most Hindus believe that all gods and goddesses work as absolute reality referred to as Clemmons. In Christian churches there is always water at every entrance to bless persons with the love of God and to be cleansed before getting into the church. In Hinduism worshippers cleanse in communal baths before getting to the temples for prayer. Hinduism talks about Maya and atman which corresponds to Christianity concepts of grace and sin. These aspects are linked to the relationship of Christians with the coming of Jesus Christ to the world and Brahman on the part of Hindus. Despite having similarities, Hinduism and Christianity have differences. Hinduism recognizes Christianity as a valid religion with the same goal like its own. Hinduism considers all other religions as different ways that lead to the same end unlike Christianity that does not consider any other religion as valid. This is brought clearly through the teachings of Jesus Christ that state that no one will enter in heaven except through him, the way, truth and life. The eventual Hinduism ideal is mysticism which is basically a matter of intellect, consciousness and intuitiveness. Christianity on the other hand encourages sanctity which has to do with God`s will and love (Caldwell, 2010).   Eastern religions Hinduism being one of them are understandable from within only by the few people who share the understanding which makes Hinduism esoteric. It has many levels of truth comprising of sacred cows, reincarnation and monism. Western religions, Christianity being a party are exoteric, democratic and open to everyone. Hinduism is a religion that is evolving. It has no known founder unlike Christianity that has Jesus Christ as its central entity. Hinduism has no exact time that it started or was founded. Hindus believe that everything is part of God whether right or wrong and thus to them God is manifested in both good and evil. Christians on their side consider that God did not create evil but instead gave man   a free will to exercise what he feels good for himself but with a price to pay. Conclusion Hinduism as an eastern religion and Christianity as a western religion have distinctive features that make them stands out from each other. The two religions have some similarities that link them together as well as differences that clearly separate them. Even though they have differences and similarities, Hinduism exists in the west just like Christianity exists in the east. It is only that they are minimally established in those areas. The two religions have existed in the world for over two thousand years and will still be there in the coming years. References Dogra, R. C. Dogra, U. (2003). Let's Know Hinduism: the Oldest Religion of Infinite Adaptability and Diversity. 2nd ed. Kuala Lumpur: Star Publications. Hawley, S. J. Narayanan, V. (2006). The Life of Hinduism. California: University of California Press. Bainton, H.R. (2000). Christianity. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Caldwell, R. (2010). Christianity and Hinduism. New York: BiblioLife.

Jane Eyre Patriarchal Dominance Essays

Jane Eyre Patriarchal Dominance Essays Jane Eyre Patriarchal Dominance Essay Jane Eyre Patriarchal Dominance Essay A Female in a Man’s World Patriarchal dominance is something that has been the norm for centuries, and is only now beginning to become less prominent. Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is about the young Byronic hero Jane Eyre who has been resisting patriarchal forces all her life. In Bronte’s novel, Jane’s character is consistently portrayed as passionate in asserting her own identity, even though this has caused conflict with most males, and some females throughout her life. The passage that follows is taken from the scene when Jane is justifying to herself her refusal to go to the south of France with Rochester, as well as her decision to leave Thornfield Hall. Jane’s decision is devouring her, however she knows that she will never be more than a mistress to him as long as Bertha Mason is alive, and so she must assert herself in order to retain the identity that she has worked so hard for: Still indomitable was the replyI care for myself. The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will keep the law given by God; sanctioned by man. I will hold to the principles received by me when I was sane, and not madas I am now. Laws and principles are not for the times when there is no temptation: they are for such moments as this, when body and soul rise in mutiny against their rigour; stringent are they; inviolate they shall be. If at my individual convenience I might break them, what would be their worth? They have a worthso I have always believed; and if I cannot believe it now, it is because I am insanequite insane. (408) Her conscience and reason have been described as betraying her and siding with her passion and feelings side, causing an inner-conflict that is threatening the resonance of her identity. This clash between Jane’s passion and reasoning strongly illustrates key reoccurring themes throughout the novel, including the assertion of her strong, female identity as well as resisting patriarchal forces that have been stifling Jane Eyre her entire life. Rochester, who is described as â€Å"masterful† throughout the novel, is trying to assert his power over Jane by telling her to come to the south of France with him as his mistress and not to leave Thornfield, however Jane remains â€Å"indomitable† in an effort to maintain her identity. Jane says that â€Å"I care for myself† in a rhetorical statement, which is used as a simple justification to herself and reminder of who she is, as well as an introduction to the internal conflict that she is experiencing. Jane never had trouble leaving the Reed residence or Lowood School because there was nothing left in these places for her, however she is now in love with Rochester and has him to think about as well, creating an even more substantial conflict. Her passion and feelings seem to be taking over her usual dominant conscience and reasoning that ordinarily allow her to make decisions without emotional attachments. She quickly comes to realize though that the idea of being someone’s mistress is too demeaning and she therefore must affirm herself as independent from any dominant male figure, even one that she is in love with. When Jane says that â€Å"The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will keep the law given by God†, she is asserting her independence from Rochester and his patriarchal dominance that he would undoubtedly have over her. This is resonated when he calls Jane â€Å"Mrs. Rochester† (p. 394), which to this Jane gives the cold response: â€Å"Sir, your wife is living† (p. 394). For Jane, the idea of being referred to as anything but her given name is something that is not even close to imaginable for her, because this would be tainting her identity, ultimately leaving her with nothing. At this point in the novel, the only thing that Jane has left that she can fully rely on is â€Å"the law given by God† because her other resources, conscience and reasoning, have betrayed her and sided with her feelings: â€Å"when body and soul rise in mutiny against their rigour; stringent are they; inviolate they shall be†. In other words, when Jane’s body and soul oppose her sensibility because of â€Å"temptation†, her â€Å"laws and principles† that she has always stood by, must remain strict and intact in order to retain her identity. Jane refers to these said laws and principles, as ones that were â€Å"received by me when I was sane, and not mad- as I am now. † She is obviously referring to before she met Rochester and fell in love with him, and a clear parallel can also be drawn here between Jane and Bertha Mason. Throughout the novel Bertha is described as a â€Å"lunatic† (p. 381) and continually dehumanized by Rochester, only contributing animalistic qualities to her identity. Rochester was the dominant patriarchal force in Bertha’s life, and although this may be subconscious for Jane, the comparison is inevitable, especially when she refers to herself as â€Å"insane- quite insane†. In this passage, Bertha Mason is used as a foreshadowing of what could happed to Jane if she doesn’t immediately assert her independence, and resist Rochester’s patriarchal grasp. After this scene, Jane leaves Thornfield with nothing but twenty shillings and a small bag of her belongings, but along with these insignificant items, she has her pride, which in her view is priceless. This passage works to reinforce key reoccurring themes in Bronte’s novel; Jane fighting for her independent, female identity, as well as the resistance of dominating patriarchal forces that have sought to stifle Jane and her character throughout her life. The internal conflict portrayed in this passage, is one that helped to change Jane’s life for the better, because in the end, her leaving Thornfield was the best thing that could have happened for her and Rochester’s relationship. By Jane standing up for what she believed in, it ultimately leads to the only thing she had missing in her â€Å"solitary†¦friendless† life, which was love.

Comparison of Presidents Bush and Obama Speeches Essay

Comparison of Presidents Bush and Obama Speeches - Essay Example A decade later in 2011, during the commemoration of the attack, President Obama delivered a speech in a bid to reassure the people of the indomitable attitude depicted by Americans struggle for peace after the terrorist attack. President Bush’s speech was brief compared to the detailed speech delivered by President Obama. Evidently, the two speeches had the objective of giving Americans the conviction they needed during the critically hard time. Moreover, as the presidents, they had the responsibility of reassuring Americans that they would triumph.  Ã‚  President Obama refers to the resilience of the people, highlighting the fact that they had demonstrated the willingness and ability to triumph over the grief and the loss that resulted from the violence. This came out clearly in Bush’s speech when he highlighted that Americans would prove strong in the fight against terror despite the immense grief surrounded by the multiple images of the scene that were circulating throughout America. In Obama’s speech, he delved into deeper details of the resilience and the American spirit. This idea is clear in both speeches because the two Presidents needed to remind the people that the attack was not sufficient to shatter their dreams. President Obama was able to relate the unbroken spirit of Americans because he was delivering his speech ten years after the attack, and there was evidence that Americans had proved resilient. Using examples, Obama reassuringly convinced the people of the indomitable spirit.   

Whitbread PLC Financial Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Whitbread PLC Financial Summary - Essay Example This report aims to yield a closer look at the financial performance of UK's leading hospitality company Whitbread Plc with the aim of conducting a financial SWOT analysis. Financial ratios are grouped into five distinct categories, each showing a different aspect of a company's financial operations. These are profitability ratios, financial leverage ratios, liquidity/solvency ratios, efficiency ratios, and investor ratios (Fraser and Ormiston 2004). Profitability ratios measure the ability of the company to generate income from its investments less the costs incurred (Keown et al 2005). In this analysis, gross profit margin, net profit margin, and asset turnover will be used. Referring to Appendix 1, the profitability of Whitbread has significantly improved from 2007-2008 as indicated by the increase in gross profit margin and net profit margin. In 2007, it can be seen that 83% of the company's sales is recorded as gross profit margin while this figure jumped to almost 85% in the following year. This higher ratio is reflective of the company's efforts of sourcing out and producing less costly inventories to reduce cost of goods sold. Furthermore, net profit margin almost doubled from 0.24 in 2007 to 0.44 in 2008. This reflects a very remarkable performance as it shows the cost efficiency of the company by its enhanced ability of turning revenues into net income. In 2008, net income accounts for 44% of sales from 24% in the previous year. The rise in net income signals the company's ability to manage its resources more economically. 2. Leverage or Gearing Financial leverage ratios provide an indication of the long-term solvency of the firm. They indicate the extent of non-owner claims on the firm's profits as well as the firm's operating capability to meet its obligation (Keown et al 2005). Appendix 2 shows the computed gearing ratios of Whitbread in 2007 and 2008. As with the profitability ratios, the business organization's resource structure has significantly improved. As opposed to the recorded debt to asset ratio of 0.62 in 2007, this ratio declined to 0.48 in 2008. These ratios indicate that Whitbread has been dependent on debt as a primary source of financing in 2007 accounting for 62% of its assets. However, this changed in the following year when debt only comprises 48% of its resources. It should be noted that debt is seen as a more risky financial resource as it entails the regular payment of interest and face value at the end of its life. The shift from debt to equity therefore signals lower financial risk for Whitbread. However, this improvement in resource structure fails to reflect in the company's interest coverage ratio which measures the proportion of interest expense to the business organization's income before tax. In 2007, this interest coverage ratio is 8.2 while it dropped to 3.3 in 2008. It should be noted though that in both years, the company has enough financial resource to cover its interest obligation. 3. Liquidity Liquidity or solvency ratios are used as measures of the company's ability to finance its short-term obligations by its cash and near cash items (Keown et al 2005). Appendix 3 shows the computed liquidity ratios of Whitbread in 2007 and 2008. The business organization is in danger in terms of liquidity. In both years, the company's current assets are meager compared to its immediate short term liabilities. If these current liabilities become due immediately, Whitbread will never be able to pay off all its short-term creditors. Furthermore, its liquidity ratios are deteriorating evidenced by the marked decline